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শনিবার, ১২ নভেম্বর, ২০১১
Wall St open higher on euro zone progress (Reuters)
NEW YORK (Reuters) ? Stocks rose at the open on Friday as debt-laden Italy moved to implement tough austerity measures crucial to avoid a euro zone meltdown.
Italian bond yields fell sharply after Italy's Senate approved economic reforms Friday. The package of austerity measures demanded by the European Union now goes to the lower house, which is expected to approve it on Saturday.
Passage will trigger the resignation of Prime Minister Silvio Berlusconi, and former European Commissioner Mario Monti is widely expected to take over as head of a broadly based national unity government. European shares jumped 1.4 percent (.EU)
In Greece, the prime minister designate, Lucas Papademos, a former vice president of the European Central Bank, will name a new crisis cabinet to roll out austerity plans.
"Berlusconi has basically put the condition of his leaving as passing the austerity budget, so if the opposition wants him out, they have to pass the austerity budget," said Paul Mendelsohn, chief investment strategist at Windham Financial Services in Charlotte, Vermont.
"If Monti comes in, that's what the market wants, just as the ex-vice (president) of the ECB is what the market wanted for Greece. So if they can put in these people who have economic expertise or ties to the EU, then they know the people they are working with on the other side and maybe they can figure out how to get through this."
The Dow Jones industrial average (.DJI) gained 206.91 points, or 1.74 percent, to 12,100.70. The Standard & Poor's 500 Index (.SPX)(.INX) rose 19.53 points, or 1.58 percent, to 1,259.22. The Nasdaq Composite Index (.IXIC) added 31.92 points, or 1.22 percent, to 2,657.07.
Financial shares, seen as vulnerable to the debt crisis, were among the best performers. Bank of America Corp (BAC.N) rose 2.7 percent to $6.19, and JPMorgan Chase & Co (JPM.N) gained 2.1 percent to $33.43. The KBW Bank index (.BKX) climbed 1.6 percent.
Walt Disney Co (DIS.N) jumped 6 percent to $36.70 after the media and entertainment group reported a 7 percent gain in revenues and a 30 percent jump in profit, trumping expectations.
On the economic front, Thomson Reuters/University of Michigan Surveys of Consumers preliminary November consumer sentiment index is due to be released at 9:55 a.m. EST (1455 GMT). A Thomson Reuters poll found a forecast for a reading of 61.5 compared with 60.9 in the final October release.
(Reporting by Chuck Mikolajczak; editing by Jeffrey Benkoe)
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Video: McNealy to Occupy Wall Street: Get a Job!
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Source: http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/21134540/vp/45244719#45244719
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শুক্রবার, ১১ নভেম্বর, ২০১১
Russia's Gazprom posts $10B profit in Q2 (AP)
MOSCOW ? Russia's largest gas producer Gazprom said Wednesday that its net profit surged 78 percent to $10 billion in the second quarter of the year, boosted by stronger sales amid the Arab uprisings that slowed exports from the Middle East region.
The Moscow-based company said Wednesday that its net profit rose from 170 billion rubles ($5.6 billion) to 303.7 billion rubles ($10 billion) in April-June this year in line with analyst estimates.
The company earlier said it expected hefty profits after several gas-rich Arab nations got caught in unrest and revolutions.
Gazprom's gas sales to Europe, the company's key market, nearly tripled in the second quarter compared with a year ago to reach 344 billion rubles ($11.4 billion).
The average price per thousand cubic meters of gas went up from 8,646 rubles ($284) in January-June last year to 10,356 rubles ($342) in the first half of this year, which Moscow-based investment bank Troika Dialog described as "exceptionally accommodating" for the state-controlled gas giant.
Gazprom on Tuesday launched a key gas pipeline that would bring Russian gas to northern Europe under the Black Sea.
Analysts warned, however, that Gazprom's future might not be so bright, with higher taxes looming and European customers bargaining for lower prices.
"The company's outlook remains highly uncertain given pressures on European gas pricing with oil-linked contracts likely to be in serious danger longer term, competition at home from independents, a higher tax burden and a continued capacity build-up that may not be supported by demand," Troika Dialog said in a note to investors.
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Citrus indica Tanaka - a progenitor species of cultivated Citrus
![[ Back to EurekAlert! ]](https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/blogger_img_proxy/AEn0k_soa-64oyzkypPF3f6oxedbgCqFCOreAtxICEXzp5Wvv2hX2-El92vPSxbxXVKtj6xP63ojk3TNjxNq5cybJG1_cdu7nXzQup_l7hQK0Fw=s0-d){kind=small}
Public release date: 10-Nov-2011[ | E-mail |
Share ] Contact: Prof. S. Rama Rao
srrao22@yahoo.com
036-427-22404
Pensoft Publishers
A group of enthusiastic cytogeneticists (Marlykynti Hynniewta, Surendra Kumar Malik and Satyawada Rama Rao) from North Eastern Hill University show that C. indica occupies a special taxonomic position, as reflected in the karyomorphological data.
The genus Citrus is an economically important horticultural crop known for its fruit and juice. In India, there are about 30 species of Citrus of which at least nine species are available throughout India, while 17 species are confined to the North-Eastern states of India, which have been classified as a hot spot for Citrus biodiversity and are threatened in their natural habitat as per the criteria fixed by the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN). Seven Indian Citrus species are considered endangered or nearly so, including C. Indica, C. macroptera, C. latipes, C. assamensis, C. ichangensis, C. megaloxycarpa and C. rugulosa.
C. indica (Tanaka, 1937) is supposed to be the most primitive species and perhaps the progenitor of cultivated Citrus. From the karyomorphological data it can be observed that the asymmetry index of different species of Citrus presently investigated had shown significant variation. C. medica, C. grandis and C. reticulata which are considered as true basic species are characteristic in having low asymmetry index of 1.87, 1.89 and 2.46 respectively. In the present investigation, the data from the karyomorphological observations on chromosome complements in 10 different Citrus species reflect that C. indica with its intermediate asymmetry index value (1.94) may be regarded as a true progenitor of cultivated Citrus. This study also supports the previous report that there are three true species of Citrus, viz. C. grandis, C. reticulata and C. medica.
###
Original source:
Hynniewta M, Malik SK, Rao SR (2011) Karyological studies in ten species of Citrus (Linnaeus, 1753) (Rutaceae) of North-East India. Comparative Cytogenetics 5(4): 19. doi: 10.3897/CompCytogen.v5i4.1796
Posted by Pensoft Publishers.
[ | E-mail | Share ] ?
AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.
Public release date: 10-Nov-2011[ | E-mail |
Share ] Contact: Prof. S. Rama Rao
srrao22@yahoo.com
036-427-22404
Pensoft Publishers
A group of enthusiastic cytogeneticists (Marlykynti Hynniewta, Surendra Kumar Malik and Satyawada Rama Rao) from North Eastern Hill University show that C. indica occupies a special taxonomic position, as reflected in the karyomorphological data.
The genus Citrus is an economically important horticultural crop known for its fruit and juice. In India, there are about 30 species of Citrus of which at least nine species are available throughout India, while 17 species are confined to the North-Eastern states of India, which have been classified as a hot spot for Citrus biodiversity and are threatened in their natural habitat as per the criteria fixed by the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN). Seven Indian Citrus species are considered endangered or nearly so, including C. Indica, C. macroptera, C. latipes, C. assamensis, C. ichangensis, C. megaloxycarpa and C. rugulosa.
C. indica (Tanaka, 1937) is supposed to be the most primitive species and perhaps the progenitor of cultivated Citrus. From the karyomorphological data it can be observed that the asymmetry index of different species of Citrus presently investigated had shown significant variation. C. medica, C. grandis and C. reticulata which are considered as true basic species are characteristic in having low asymmetry index of 1.87, 1.89 and 2.46 respectively. In the present investigation, the data from the karyomorphological observations on chromosome complements in 10 different Citrus species reflect that C. indica with its intermediate asymmetry index value (1.94) may be regarded as a true progenitor of cultivated Citrus. This study also supports the previous report that there are three true species of Citrus, viz. C. grandis, C. reticulata and C. medica.
###
Original source:
Hynniewta M, Malik SK, Rao SR (2011) Karyological studies in ten species of Citrus (Linnaeus, 1753) (Rutaceae) of North-East India. Comparative Cytogenetics 5(4): 19. doi: 10.3897/CompCytogen.v5i4.1796
Posted by Pensoft Publishers.
[ | E-mail | Share ] ?
AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.
Source: http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-11/pp-cit111011.php
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বৃহস্পতিবার, ১০ নভেম্বর, ২০১১
Long-Term carbon storage in Ganges basin may portend global warming worsening
Public release date: 8-Nov-2011[ | E-mail |
Share ] Contact: WHOI Media Relations
media@whoi.edu
508-289-3340
Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI) scientists have found that carbon is stored in the soils and sediments of the Ganges-Brahmaputra basin for a surprisingly long time, making it likely that global warming could destabilize the pool of carbon there and in similar places on Earth, potentially increasing the rate of CO2 release into the atmosphere.
The study, published in the current online edition of Nature Geoscience, examined the radiocarbon content of river sediments collected from the Ganges-Brahmaputra system draining the Himalayas. The basin, the scientists say, "represents one of the largest sources of terrestrial biospheric carbon to the ocean."
Using radiocarbon dating, WHOI researchers Valier Galy and Timothy Eglinton found that organic carbon resides in the basin for anywhere from 500 to 17,000 years. Downstream, in the Gangetic floodplain, the longest residence times range from 1,500 to 3,500 years.
The relatively long carbon residence time in the Ganges system was a "surprise," Galy said, primarily because of the region's dynamically high rates of physical erosion and sediment transport.
"We thought it was likely that the organic matter there was young," Galy said. "But what gets exported there sits in the soil for quite some time -- 3,000 years on average. That's pretty old."
That has "big implications for the global carbon cycle," he said, because "the longer it is stored in the soil, the longer it is kept away from the atmosphere" as CO2. The buildup of CO2 in the atmosphere is thought to be largely responsible for global warming.
The good news is that the Ganges-Brahmaputra basin "is not contributing rapidly to CO2 in the atmosphere," Galy said. The bad news is that makes the region more susceptible to global warming.
"If carbon has a short residence time in soils, global warming can't speed up the rates too much of exporting carbon to the atmosphere," he explained. But if carbon resides in the soil for thousands of years, as it does now in much of the Ganges-Brahmaputra basin, global warming can speed the transfer of carbon from soils and sediments to the atmosphere. It can do so by warming the region and stimulating microbial decomposition of organic carbon reserves there.
Various climate projections predict a 4-degree C warming in the region by 2050, according to the last Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) report. "Future environmental changes may dictate that carbon will not stay as long in the soil," he said. "If this happens, the net source of CO2 in the atmosphere will increase."
Galy notes that even though there have been few similar studies in other "low latitude" regions, the results of the WHOI study could portend global warming effects elsewhere in the world. "Our study shows that ancient soil carbon exists in a globally significant tropical system," he said. "We therefore hypothesize that similar stocks of ancient carbon may exist elsewhere at low latitude.
"Global warming would likely destabilize this ancient carbon, generating an extra flux of CO2 to the atmosphere, hence further warming. This may not be too important over the short-term -- decades, for example," he said. "But over a longer time scale -- tens of thousands of years -- it can be important."
###
The work was funded by the National Science Foundation.
The Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution is a private, independent organization in Falmouth, Mass., dedicated to marine research, engineering, and higher education. Established in 1930 on a recommendation from the National Academy of Sciences, its primary mission is to understand the ocean and its interaction with the Earth as a whole, and to communicate a basic understanding of the ocean's role in the changing global environment.
Media contact:
WHOI Media Relations
508-289-3340
media@whoi.edu
[ | E-mail | Share ] ?
AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.
Public release date: 8-Nov-2011[ | E-mail |
Share ] Contact: WHOI Media Relations
media@whoi.edu
508-289-3340
Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI) scientists have found that carbon is stored in the soils and sediments of the Ganges-Brahmaputra basin for a surprisingly long time, making it likely that global warming could destabilize the pool of carbon there and in similar places on Earth, potentially increasing the rate of CO2 release into the atmosphere.
The study, published in the current online edition of Nature Geoscience, examined the radiocarbon content of river sediments collected from the Ganges-Brahmaputra system draining the Himalayas. The basin, the scientists say, "represents one of the largest sources of terrestrial biospheric carbon to the ocean."
Using radiocarbon dating, WHOI researchers Valier Galy and Timothy Eglinton found that organic carbon resides in the basin for anywhere from 500 to 17,000 years. Downstream, in the Gangetic floodplain, the longest residence times range from 1,500 to 3,500 years.
The relatively long carbon residence time in the Ganges system was a "surprise," Galy said, primarily because of the region's dynamically high rates of physical erosion and sediment transport.
"We thought it was likely that the organic matter there was young," Galy said. "But what gets exported there sits in the soil for quite some time -- 3,000 years on average. That's pretty old."
That has "big implications for the global carbon cycle," he said, because "the longer it is stored in the soil, the longer it is kept away from the atmosphere" as CO2. The buildup of CO2 in the atmosphere is thought to be largely responsible for global warming.
The good news is that the Ganges-Brahmaputra basin "is not contributing rapidly to CO2 in the atmosphere," Galy said. The bad news is that makes the region more susceptible to global warming.
"If carbon has a short residence time in soils, global warming can't speed up the rates too much of exporting carbon to the atmosphere," he explained. But if carbon resides in the soil for thousands of years, as it does now in much of the Ganges-Brahmaputra basin, global warming can speed the transfer of carbon from soils and sediments to the atmosphere. It can do so by warming the region and stimulating microbial decomposition of organic carbon reserves there.
Various climate projections predict a 4-degree C warming in the region by 2050, according to the last Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) report. "Future environmental changes may dictate that carbon will not stay as long in the soil," he said. "If this happens, the net source of CO2 in the atmosphere will increase."
Galy notes that even though there have been few similar studies in other "low latitude" regions, the results of the WHOI study could portend global warming effects elsewhere in the world. "Our study shows that ancient soil carbon exists in a globally significant tropical system," he said. "We therefore hypothesize that similar stocks of ancient carbon may exist elsewhere at low latitude.
"Global warming would likely destabilize this ancient carbon, generating an extra flux of CO2 to the atmosphere, hence further warming. This may not be too important over the short-term -- decades, for example," he said. "But over a longer time scale -- tens of thousands of years -- it can be important."
###
The work was funded by the National Science Foundation.
The Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution is a private, independent organization in Falmouth, Mass., dedicated to marine research, engineering, and higher education. Established in 1930 on a recommendation from the National Academy of Sciences, its primary mission is to understand the ocean and its interaction with the Earth as a whole, and to communicate a basic understanding of the ocean's role in the changing global environment.
Media contact:
WHOI Media Relations
508-289-3340
media@whoi.edu
[ | E-mail | Share ] ?
AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.
Source: http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-11/whoi-lcs110811.php
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